Financial Utopia – Help with credit cards, debt savings and loans.

Bad credit loans are personal loans which have been designed specifically for anyone who has a bad credit rating but still would like to secure a loan for one reason or another. Lenders do not want to deny people simply because they have had credit problems in the past, so many have created their own personal secured loan packages for anyone who would not otherwise be able to qualify for a one. Credit problems can be a nightmare for some people, as they bar many people from being able to even take out a loan to repair the bad credit in the first place.

What is bad credit? Bad credit can mean many things, but typically it has to do with a borrower having a black mark or several black marks against their credit check report because he or she failed to repay a debt or had difficulty maintaining the required monthly payments. Having bad credit does not necessarily mean that a borrower is not trustworthy, because there are many causes for bad debt and unfortunately, few resolutions. If you have a bad credit rating, or an adverse credit rating for any reason, you may have found it difficult to obtain a standard personal loan no matter how many financial institutions you have applied to. Luckily, there are still options that you can pursue in the form of poor or bad credit loan, debt consolidation loan or no credit check loan products.

Poor credit or no credit check loans can be obtained for a variety of different reasons, including but not limited to the following:

- Debt Consolidation that entails using a single loan to pay off old debts, so that you can pay off one single loan per month rather than multiple payments.

- Home Improvements such as remodeling a kitchen or bathroom, or even adding a new room or re-landscaping the yard.

- Car Purchase

You can significantly increase your chances of securing a loan like this if you choose to apply for a homeowner loan, or a secured loan rather than a loan that is unsecured. Secured loans rely on some form of property that can be used as collateral in order to make the loan less risky for the lender. A homeowner loan essentially releases the capital that exists in your home, rather than relying on funds from a lender.

If you are looking to raise a large of amount of money but do not have the good credit necessary to do it the traditional way, bad credit loans are well worth considering. Even if you have been turned down for unsecured loans in the past, you may still be able to obtain a loan if you use the equity in your home to obtain a secured loan instead. You may even be able to secure a loan with a much lower interest rate, because secured loans, even bad credit secured loans, tend to be much less risky for lenders than unsecured loans, which usually makes it more possible for them to work with your needs to find the best bad credit loan for your situation.

Mental stress, workload, anxiety all these thing are the results of continuously working. You think the more you work the more you gain, and this is also true. But in addition to that there is another fact that the more you work the more your mind looses its productivity. Holidaying would be a cure for regaining the mental tension. Finances could be the blockage which you may face while going for a holiday or buying a holiday package. A bad credit holiday loan can take you to joyride of your life.

What is a credit score? And how should I know my score?

A credit score is a mathematical figure calculated by credit rating agencies such as Equifax, Experian and Transunion. They will provide your financial report regarding your debts in the past. It will give you complete picture of loans taken or paid, unpaid credit card bills, arrears, CCJs, IVAs, etc. So that you get a better hold of your finances.

You can also take help of financial institutions to get advices regarding how to improve your credit score with ease.

What is a bad credit holiday loan?

Bad credit holiday loans cater to your traveling needs with appropriate funding in the manner you choose. You can either go for a secured bad credit holiday loan or an unsecured one depending upon the circumstances.

What is a secured bad credit holiday loan?

If you are comfortable with letting your property to the lender as a security or collateral you can apply for a bad credit secured holiday loan. The money of the lender is secured; hence he is ready to offer his money at low interest rates and easy repayment terms and conditions. Your credit history will only affect the interest rates which you may get.

What is an unsecured bad credit holiday loan?

Those with the fear of loosing there asset in their mind could go for an unsecured bad credit holiday loans. These loans dont require any collateral from you as security. Yes, you need to do some research work to find out an unsecured loan lender. But it will help you get the best deal. An unsecured bad credit holiday loan comes at a little higher interest rate due to presence of bad credit and absence of collateral.

How to apply for a bad credit holiday loan?

Applying for a bad credit holiday loan is easy as opening a bank account. You just have to fill certain form which you can fill online. After providing information regarding your name, address, employment status, amount you need. Once the lender is satisfied with your application he will contact you with his services.

So many people in today’s society are in great debt. The American way has turned to living beyond our means with credit cards. Just about anyone with any income can obtain a credit card, household loan or car loan these days. The problem that this has created is that many people go into default on their loans, or file bankruptcy, thus making them have a very poor credit rating.

It used to be that if you had poor credit you just had to simply dig yourself out over a long period of time to rebuild your credit. Today, however, there are many options for people with bad credit. There are many financial institutions that offer Bad Credit Loans. These loans are meant for people who score below average on their credit report.

The benefit to these bad credit loans is, obviously, a person can still have buying power after bad credit history. The other reason bad credit loans are a beneficial, is that a person can use them to rebuild their credit.

One of the biggest drawbacks to getting a bad credit loan is that usually the interest rate is extremely high.

A bad credit loan is offered on car loans, house loans and personal loans. Payday loans are also a type of bad credit loan that offers to advance money to a person from their paycheck.

One type of bad credit loan is a secured credit card. A person has to have a deposit in the card issuer’s bank for the credit limit amount. They usually have annual fees, monthly fees or set-up fees, and are generally high interest cards. However, paid consistently on time, credit cards are an outstanding credit reference.

An unsecured credit card is another type of bad credit loan that gives you the power to purchase as well. These loans are through specific retailers and are also good in reestablishing credit.

Statistics show that 1 of every 3 people in America have below average credit scores. Bad credit loans are becoming a new wave of the financial future.

Secured bad credit loans used to be seen with some derision in times gone by. Today they are fast becoming more commonplace, and we should be glad. Here are seven timely reasons why we should all welcome it!

1. There is a great deal of money being provided these days and consumers are increasingly finding that credit references are being recorded every time. This should be taken as a favourable thing as it leads away from normal lending by the financial institutions and opens up a more varied lending pattern for everybody that embraces a greater market.

2. Banks are therefore not the be all and end all. Banks wish to retain as much guarantee of security as is possible, so they are able to pick and choose the customers they lend money secured bad credit loans to. But employing a ‘one size fits all approach is certainly not good news for the majority of people, because we are all different. Knowing that financial institutions can be this choosy means that consumers are able to go somewhere else. So in the long run the laws of the marketplace have provided us with a greater variety of sources when it comes to secured adverse or bad credit loans.

3. Secured loans are usually less expensive – sometimes much cheaper – than unsecured loans. This is because of the risk aspect. If a loan provider knows that the loan amount is tied into the borrowers property then he knows that the borrower has an extra commitment to keep a roof over his or her head. Therefore the cost of borrowing through a secured loan will tend to be that bit less for this reason. Simply, the Annual percentage rate figure for secured credit loans will be smaller. This can be seen clearly on any loan advertising material.

4. Longer repayment periods. Hand in hand with the fact that the loan amount will be less expensive, the repayment period for secured loans can normally be set longer and so the monthly payments will be somewhat reduced for that reason (although economies of shorter borrowing times should also be factored in).

5. Personal treatment. While the secured loan may need more procedures and will generally take longer, borrowers are likely to get a more personal approach than with an unsecured loan, where the application process is usually as anodyne and faceless as an application form. Most borrowers like to be treated like real people than just numbers or prospects.

6. The number of secured loans available. As well as conventional secured bad credit loans for most purposes, specific plans for varying types of loan have also grown up. Non-status loans, debt consolidation loans, and both personal and business advances now abound. Special arrangements can generally also exist if the property your loan is secured on is unusual. For example, brick and tile is the normal form of construction, but if your house is concrete based, or timber, or even has a slate roof, specific plans are there if you seek them out.

7. More circumstances are considered nowadays. Improvements in financial risk management assessment have meant that loans providers are prepared to consider secured bad credit loans where such a thing was not possible in the past. The self-employed, in particular, are not penalised as they used to be, especially with the new attitude towards self-certification. Three years of audited accounts are no longer automatically needed from those people who work for themselves. Defaulters, people with CCJs, IVAs and even discharged bankrupts are nowadays regularly considered in todays evolving world of finance. Increasingly, people take bigger financial risks, especially the entrepreneurial minded. The market is evolving to take account of bad credit loans, because it has to.

Credit status or a credit record is the most vital term in the books of any lender. As it gives lender a certain amount of assurance that he will be safely getting his money back. A lender will always ask for your credit score while lending you his money. Most of the people are denied from getting the loan they have applied for. The reason for this is that most of the people are falling under the trap of bad credit as cost of living is increasing and their financial resources are same as before. Bad debt loan are for people facing the trouble of bad credit in getting the loan approval.

Bad credit is defined in relation with your credit score. Many people are confused with the term credit score. A credit score is the reflection of your debts history. When you make late payments, or having unpaid credit card bills, taken IVAs or CCJs in the past, or faced a situation of bankruptcy in the past, all these affects your credit score in a negative manner. If your score is below 600 than it will be considered as bad credit score in eyes of lenders and would create trouble for you in getting a loan.

You can consult financial institutions for getting advice on improving your credit score. It takes time to improve your credit score as when you make timely payments, reduce your existing debts, it adds to your score.

A bad debt loan comes in various flavors:

Bad debt consolidation loans
Bad debt personal loans
Bad debt holiday loans
Bad debt business loans
Bad debt home loans

The amount of loan and the rate of interest vary according to the mode of loan you are looking for depending upon your condition and circumstances. In simple words, it depends on whether you are going for a secured bad debt loan or an unsecured one.

A lender will be ready to offer you better rate of interest for a secured bad debt loan as his risk for loan amount is secured by the property offered by you as collateral. The loan amount will be spread on a longer repayment period.

However people lacking collateral can go for an unsecured bad debt loan with slightly higher rate of interest due to unavailability of the collateral.

Make right research before you apply for a loan to save yourself from paying interest at higher rates when you have an option of low rate. Lenders are ready to talk to you for negotiation regarding rates and terms. So get a bad debt loans and dont let your bad credit come in your way of satisfying your wants.

Personal Finance. Student Loans Debts Do Not Go On Your Credit Record.

Every time you apply for credit, for example a credit card or a loan, the lender will request to see your credit history from a credit reference agency. The information they hold is so detailed that there’s really no need for us to fill out that long application form, because within a fraction of a second they can see all they need to know from Experian, Equifax or Callcredit, the three main credit reference agencies. You would be very surprised to see just how much they know about you.

Banks, building societies and other financial institutions providing credit have been passing on details of your financial transactions to the credit agencies. Every time you apply for a credit card, every time you miss a mortgage repayment it gets noted. They know whether you pay the minimum or the balance each month, they even know details of your credit limit on each credit card. They also look to public records, the voters’ roll and the public register of court actions because that is where all county court judgements are listed. It all happens automatically, and when your credit history is requested, the computer will provide a statistical analysis of your financial habits and provide an assessment of your suitability. It enables, the industry argues, lenders to make an accurate judgement about whether they should lend you money or not.

However, there is one piece of financial information that the credit agencies are not allowed to access, and that’s the student loans. Despite the industry’s remonstrations to the government, nothing has changed, and they are not allowed to access the information. The reason? Student loans constitute a debt to the taxpayer, they were not funded by commercial business.

Before September 1998, the student loan system worked like this: once graduates were working and earning the national average, which was 15,000 at the time, they had to repay their loan on a monthly basis by direct debit. 59,000 of those pre-1998 graduates still haven’t started repaying their loan, and each has on average a debt of 2,750.

In September 1998, the student loan system changed, and the system remains the same to this day. Now, repayments are taken directly at source, straight from the salary in the same way as national insurance and income tax. This method has been a lot more successful.

The lending industry is not happy about the student loan situation, their main argument being that they need to know, when considering an application for credit, if the applicant has extra financial responsibilities. The introduction of top-up fees resulted in increasingly large student debts, and as the post-1998 loans have to be paid off at a rate of 9% of the graduate’s income once it has reached 15,000, it is a large portion of income to lose.

The Association Consumer Credit Counselling Service made the following statement: Knowing whether a young person has a student loan and whether it is being paid back, is useful. So they are in agreement with the lenders.

The Citizens Advice Bureau is also keen to have the information made public, because they feel that graduates could be taking on too much debt, and if lenders could see their student loans, they would ensure that graduates are not given the ability to borrow beyond their means.

However, the Department for Education and Skills is showing no signs of wavering on its decision to keep individuals’ debts to the Student Loan Company private.

For the foreseeable future the situation will remain the same and student loans information will be inaccessible to the credit industry.

Personal Finance. Student Loans Debts Do Not Go On Your Credit Record.

Every time you apply for credit, for example a credit card or a loan, the lender will request to see your credit history from a credit reference agency. The information they hold is so detailed that there’s really no need for us to fill out that long application form, because within a fraction of a second they can see all they need to know from Experian, Equifax or Callcredit, the three main credit reference agencies. You would be very surprised to see just how much they know about you.

Banks, building societies and other financial institutions providing credit have been passing on details of your financial transactions to the credit agencies. Every time you apply for a credit card, every time you miss a mortgage repayment it gets noted. They know whether you pay the minimum or the balance each month, they even know details of your credit limit on each credit card. They also look to public records, the voters’ roll and the public register of court actions because that is where all county court judgements are listed. It all happens automatically, and when your credit history is requested, the computer will provide a statistical analysis of your financial habits and provide an assessment of your suitability. It enables, the industry argues, lenders to make an accurate judgement about whether they should lend you money or not.

However, there is one piece of financial information that the credit agencies are not allowed to access, and that’s the student loans. Despite the industry’s remonstrations to the government, nothing has changed, and they are not allowed to access the information. The reason? Student loans constitute a debt to the taxpayer, they were not funded by commercial business.

Before September 1998, the student loan system worked like this: once graduates were working and earning the national average, which was 15,000 at the time, they had to repay their loan on a monthly basis by direct debit. 59,000 of those pre-1998 graduates still haven’t started repaying their loan, and each has on average a debt of 2,750.

In September 1998, the student loan system changed, and the system remains the same to this day. Now, repayments are taken directly at source, straight from the salary in the same way as national insurance and income tax. This method has been a lot more successful.

The lending industry is not happy about the student loan situation, their main argument being that they need to know, when considering an application for credit, if the applicant has extra financial responsibilities. The introduction of top-up fees resulted in increasingly large student debts, and as the post-1998 loans have to be paid off at a rate of 9% of the graduate’s income once it has reached 15,000, it is a large portion of income to lose.

The Association Consumer Credit Counselling Service made the following statement: Knowing whether a young person has a student loan and whether it is being paid back, is useful. So they are in agreement with the lenders.

The Citizens Advice Bureau is also keen to have the information made public, because they feel that graduates could be taking on too much debt, and if lenders could see their student loans, they would ensure that graduates are not given the ability to borrow beyond their means.

However, the Department for Education and Skills is showing no signs of wavering on its decision to keep individuals’ debts to the Student Loan Company private.

For the foreseeable future the situation will remain the same and student loans information will be inaccessible to the credit industry.

It doesn’t matter what your credit history is, chances are that at some stage of your life, you will require bad credit loans. If you have a credit history which is not impressive and if you think that your bad credit will not let you get approved for bad credit loans then don’t be sad. There are a number of banks which provide loans for people with bad credit!

In case you are looking for bad credit loans or a bad credit personal loan you should consider a few things first. If you are looking for a bad credit loan then obviously you already have poor credit so in order to improve your credit ratings you should make sure that your loans are reported to the major credit bureaus.

Finding bad credit loan offering lenders is not a problem because millions of people already had bad credit problems but they are now enjoying a better situation probably because of a better job or some extra earnings from here and there enabling them making their loan payments properly but still shadowed with bad credit ratings. Today you can find better deals than you could a few years ago though, you will still pay higher interest rates than someone with a good credit score due to the fact that bad credit loans are still viewed as a risk to financial institutions.

You should remember that before you apply for a loan, you should be able to comfortably cover the payment. This is your chance to try to get your credit back on the track. Don’t turn this into a situation where you’ll find your credit worse than before. Analyze your expenses and try to work out a proper budget and avoid getting over-extended. Keep in mind that it’s always too easy to put you on the road of financial ruins and try not to rely on a number of loans for the rest of your life after all, that’s how banks make their money from loans.

If you are carrying ample of debts on your shoulders, you can be in great trouble. Multiple debts jeopardize your credit standing and may frame you as a bad debtor. Dealing with various creditors at the same time is a stigma in itself. Their humiliating calls may not let you sleep. I too was in a similar condition a few months back. Until one day a friend advised me to opt for unsecured consolidation loans and put an end to my miseries.

Unsecured consolidation loans are designed for individuals who are getting buried under the burden of debts. These loans consolidate multiple debts into one easily manageable loan making you liable to a single creditor.

Unsecured consolidation loans are not tied to collateral and hence they come with a higher rate of interest. The benefit attached here is that the borrower is free from the risk of property repossession. These are ideal for tenants.

Through unsecured consolidation loans, the borrower gets rid of all kinds of debts such as credit card bills, medical bills, house rent, electricity bills etc. He is not required to make the repayment in a lump sum. Rather, he is facilitated to repay the loan in the form of monthly installments.

The credit score of the borrower plays a vital role in getting unsecured consolidation loans approved. As rated by FICO credit score of 850 is considered as the best and a score of 600 and below is regarded as poor. Taking measures for improving the credit score will qualify you to get better rates from the lenders.

If you have a poor credit history, you can still qualify for unsecured consolidation loans. Bad credit in the past haunts your present credit score. Therefore, before applying for the loan get your credit report updated from a credit rating agency. Any unsolicited debts in the credit report should be immediately removed. This will help the borrower to get favorable rates.

Several banks and financial institutions are trading in unsecured consolidation loans.The borrower may face many hurdles while approaching such physical lenders. There can also be an apprehension of loan refusal. In such a situation, online lenders will be helpful. Most of the loan providing agencies have their proposed websites supporting online application. The borrower can collect quotes from various lenders and compare them on the basis of loan term, loan amount and rate of interest. Online lenders have a propensity to provide the best possible deal to the borrower according to his financial status and repayment capacity. Using the online loan calculator will give you an estimate of the monthly installments and help you decide whether you can actually afford the loan or not.

Take control of your tormenting debts. Unsecured Consolidation Loans help you club multiple debts under one loan.Getting into debts can be a bed of thorns. So it is advisable to keep a check on your expenses and not let them overflow.

Two million Muslims in the UK face an ethical dilemma if they want a mortgage or a loan. Conventional mortgages and loans all require the payment of interest and riba as interest is called under Islamic law, is forbidden by the Koran.

British financial institutions are increasingly catering for Muslims’ specialist needs through a number of alternative arrangements that respects the teachings of the Koran. Here are just two of them:

Ijara with diminishing Musharaka the mortgage alternative.

Ijara with diminishing Musharaka is an Islamic alternative to a conventional UK mortgage and has been adopted by several British banks and building societies.

In essence, Musharaka means partnership. Under this Islamic financial concept, the bank buys the house and legally becomes its owner. Then throughout the pre-agreed period, say 25 years, a monthly payment is made. Each monthly payment includes a charge for rent and a charge that buys a small proportion of the house itself. It’s form of variable shared equity plan with the proportion of the house being owned by the purchaser, steadily increasing as payments are made. Once the final payment has been made, the house is owned outright. Ijara

Here you tell the bank or financial institution what you want, for example a car, and they buy it. In return for a monthly payment that covers the cost of the bank’s capital, the bank then allows you to use the asset for an agreed period. In reality, it’s a form of leasing

Islamic finance is not widely available in the UK so where can find it? Here are three suggestions:

Over the last few years Lloyds TSB has introduced Islamic products to 33 of its branches. Their spokesperson says, It’s important for our customers to see that we are following the right procedures. We have a panel of four Islamic scholars who over-see the products. They offer guidance on Islamic law and audit the products.

Another high street bank, HSBC, is developing a special range of Islamic products under the Amanah brand name. This range includes home finance plans, home insurance, commercial finance, and various current accounts and pensions. Hussam Sultan, the Amanah product manager says, As a bank, we are not here to moralise or tell our customers that Amanah finance is the way to please Allah. We’re just here to provide them with a choice.

The Islamic Bank of Britain has three branches in London, two in Birmingham and one each in Leicester and Manchester. They’re the only British bank specifically providing for Muslim customers and claim to be halal throughout their operations. All their financial products are approved by their Sharia’a Supervisory Committee all Muslim scholars who are experts in all aspects of Islamic finance.

For your interest we show below, definitions of some words used widely in connection with Islamic finance.

A Glossary of selected Islamic words used in finance.

Amanah : Means trustworthiness, with associated aspects of faithfulness and honesty. As a central supplementary meaning, amanah also describes a business deal where one party keeps another’s funds or property in trust. This actually the most widely used and understood application of the term, having a long history of use in Islamic commercial law. It can also be used to describe different financial activities such as deposit taking, custody or goods on consignment.

Arbun : Means a down payment. It’s a non-refundable deposit paid to the seller by the buyer upon agreeing a sale contract together with an undertaking that the sale contract will be completed during a prearranged period.

Gharar : This means uncertainty. It’s one of three essential prohibitions in Islamic finance (the others being riba and maysir). Gharar is a sophisticated concept that encompasses certain types of uncertainty or contingency in a contract. The prohibition on gharar is often used as the grounds for criticism of conventional financial practices such as speculation, derivatives and short selling contracts.

Islamic financial services / Islamic banking / Islamic finance : Means financial services that meet the specific requirements of Islamic law or Shariah. Whilst designed to meet specific Muslim religious requirements, Islamic banking is not restricted to Muslims. Both the customers and the service providers can be non-Muslim as well as Muslim.

Ijara : Means an Islamic leasing agreement. Ijarah permits the financial institution to earn a profit by charging leasing rentals instead of lending money and earning interest. The ijarah concept is extended to hire and purchase agreements by Ijarah wa iqtinah.

Maysir : Means gambling. It’s another of three fundamental prohibitions in Islamic finance (the other two being riba and gharar). The prohibition of maysir is often used as the basis for criticism of standard financial practices such as conventional insurance, speculation and derivative contracts.

Mudarabah : A Mudarabah is a form of Investment partnership. Here, capital is provided by the investor (the Rab ul Mal) to another party (the Mudarib) in order to undertake a business or investment activity. Profits are then shared according to pre-arranged proportions but any loss on the investment is born exclusively by the investor and the mudarib then loses the expected income share.

Mudarib : The mudarib is the investment manager or entrepreneur in a mudarabah (see above). It is this managers responsibility to invest the investor’s money in a project or portfolio in exchange for a share of the profits. A mudarabah is essentially similar to a diversified pool of assets held in a conventional Discretionary Managed Investment Portfolio.

Murabaha : means purchase and resale. As opposed to lending money, the capital provider purchases the required asset or product (for which a loan would otherwise have been taken out) from a third party. The asset is then resold at a higher price to the capital user. By paying this higher price by instalments, the capital user effectively gets credit without paying interest. (Also see tawarruq the opposite of murabaha.)

Musharaka : This means profit and loss sharing. It’s a partnership where the profits are shared in pre-arranged proportions and any losses are shared in proportion to each partners’ capital or investment. In Musharakah, all the partners to the commercial undertaking contribute funds and have the right, but without the obligation, to exercise executive powers in that undertaking. It’s a similar concept to a conventional partnership and the holding of voting stock in a limited company. Musharakah is regarded as the purest form of Islamic financing.

Riba : This means interest. The legal concept extends beyond interest, but in simple terms, riba covers any return of money on money. It does not matter whether the interest is floating or floating, simple or compounded, or what the rate is. Riba is strictly prohibited under Islamic law..

Shariah : This is the Islamic law as disclosed in the Quran and through the example of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). A Shariah product must meet all the requirements of Islamic law. To facilitate this, a Shariah board is usually appointed. This board or committee is usually comprised of Islamic scholars available to the organisation for guidance and supervision for the development of Shariah compliant products.

Shariah adviser : Means an independent professional, usually a classically trained Islamic legal scholar, appointed to advise an Islamic financial organisation on the compliance of its products and services with Islamic law, the Shariah. While some organisations consult individual Shariah advisers, most establish a committee of Shariah advisers (often known as a Shariah committee or Shariah board).

Shariah compliant : Means the activity that ensures that the requirements of the Shariah, or Islamic law are observed. The term is often used in the Islamic banking industry as a synonym for “Islamic”- for example, Shariah compliant financing or Shariah compliant investment.

Sukuk : This has similar characteristics to a conventional bond. The difference is that that they are asset backed and a sukuk represents the proportionate beneficial ownership in the underlying asset. The asset is then leased to the client to yield the profit on the sukuk.

Takaful : This is Islamic insurance. Takaful plans are designed to avoid the characteristics of conventional insurance (i.e. interest and gambling) that are so problematical for Muslims. They structure the arrangement as a charitable collective pool of funds based on the comcept of mutual assistance.

Tawarruq : When used in personal finance, a customer with a cash requirement buys something on credit on a deferred payment basis. That customer then immediately resells the item for cash to a third party. The customer thereby obtains cash without taking an interest-based loan. Tawarruq is the opposite to murabahah.